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Phenylephrine

Blood pressure treatment, Shock Treatment, Sympathomimetic, Alpha agonist

Brand Names

Neo-Synephrine®

Drug Information

Pharmacology

Alpha adrenergic sympathomimetic amine-causes peripheral vasoconstriction.

Contraindications

General
  • Contraindicated in severe hypertension, ventricular tachycardia and in patients with known sensitivity to this type of drug.
  • Use with extreme caution in geriatrics, hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, partial heart block or heat disease.
  • Not to be used as a substitute for adequate volume replacement in patients with shock.

Adverse Effects

General
  • Reflex bradycardia, CNS excitement, restlessness and headache are possible.
  • Blood pressure needs to be monitored for hypertension.
  • Extravasation may cause severe tissue reactions and necrosis.

Interactions

Category Interactions
Alpha adrenergic blocker
  • Higher doses may be required if alpha blockers is used.
MAOI – Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
  • MAO inhibitors are contraindicated as pronounced pressor effects are likely. Do not give within 2 weeks of each other.
Phenothiazine
  • Higher doses may be required if phenothiazines are used.

Drug Interactions
Atropine sulfate
  • Atropine will block the bradycardia effects.
Oxytocin
  • Pressor effect may be enhanced with oxytocin.

Comments

Do not use solution if it is discolored or contains precipitates.
For information regarding compatibility in solution or combination with other drugs, refer to specialized reference material.

Available Forms

Human
  • Injection 10 mg/mL; Neo-Synephrine®, generic. Also available in ophthalmic, intranasal forms with decongestants and antihistamines.
Veterinary – General
  • None