Antibiotic, Macrolide antibiotic, Hepatic enzyme inhibitor
Brand Names
Tylan®, TyloVed
Drug Information
Pharmacology
Macrolide antibiotic related to erythromycin, produced from Streptomyces.
Contraindications
General
- Contraindicated in patients with known sensitivity to this type of drug.
Cattle
- A withdrawal period has not been established in pre-ruminating calves. Do not use in calves to be processed for veal.
Horse
- Most feel it is contraindicated in horses as severe and possibly fatal diarrheas may result.
- Injection in horses has been fatal.
Swine
- Do not attempt injection of the 50 mg product into pigs weighing less than 6.25 pounds (0.5 mL) unless the syringe is capable of accurately delivering 0.1 mL.
- Do not attempt injection of the 200 mg product into pigs weighing less than 25 pounds (0.5 mL).
- It is recommended that the 50 mg formulation be used in pigs weighing less than 25 pounds.
Adverse Effects
General
- Pain and local reaction to injection, anorexia and diarrhea are possible side effects.
Ruminant
- May cause severe diarrhea if oral form is used in ruminants.
Horse
- Injection in horses has been fatal.
- Any dose form may cause severe diarrhea.
Swine
- In swine edema of rectal mucosa and mild anal protrusion with pruritus and erythema may also occur.
- Adverse reactions, including shock and death may result from overdosage in baby pigs.
Interactions
General Interactions
- Interactions may occur with carbamazepine.
Category Interactions
Hepatic enzyme inhibitor
- Metabolism of other cytochrome P-450 metabolized drugs may be altered.
Lincosamide antibiotic
- Lincosamides competitively compete for the same mechanism of action and therefore some feel should not be used concurrently.
Drug Interactions
Aminophylline
- Decreased clearance of theophylline with possible increased risk for toxicity may occur.
Chloramphenicol
- Chloramphenicol competitively compete for the same mechanism of action and therefore some feel should not be used concurrently.
Chloramphenicol
- Tylosin may antagonize the activity of chloramphenicol.
CycloSPORINE
- Interactions may occur with CycloSPORINE.
Florfenicol
- May antagonize the bactericidal activity of tylosin. Clinical significance is not known.
Florfenicol / Flunixin meglumine
- May antagonize the bactericidal activity of tylosin. Clinical significance is not known.
Tiamulin
- Concurrent use of tylosin may reduce efficacy due to competition at site of action.
Available Forms
Human
- None
Veterinary – General
- Injection- 50 and 200 mg/mL; Tylan®, generic. Approved for non lactating dairy cattle, beef cattle, swine, dogs and cats. TyloVed Injection – Approved for cattle and swine. 100 gram bottles of 4000 mg/tsp; Tylan® Soluble. Approved for turkeys, chickens and swine. Not for layers. Many other products available as feed and water additive, often in combination with other products.
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